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1.
The Korean Journal of Parasitology ; : 43-49, 2013.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-65396

ABSTRACT

Three species of tapeworms infect humans in their adult stage (Taenia solium, Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica). The 3 are flat, opaque white or yellowish, and exceptional long segmented parasites, measuring 1 to 12 m in their adult stage. In this review, the development of the knowledge regarding the first species, mainly focused on understanding how the larval stage or cysticercus is transmitted to humans, is described. The second species is a cosmopolitan parasite that only causes taeniosis and not cysticercosis; therefore, it will not be included. Information on the third species, which is presently being produced, since this species was recognized as such only at the end of the 20th century, will be discussed at the end of this review.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Biomedical Research/trends , Life Cycle Stages , Taenia/pathogenicity , Taeniasis/parasitology
2.
Rev. bras. anal. clin ; 32(4): 261-4, 2000. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-296341

ABSTRACT

O teste ELISA-"conta" foi empregado em 1.141 amostras de líquido cefalorraquiano. Do total dessas amostras, 1.061 eram oriundos de pacientes com quadro clínico e/ou imagem tomográfica sugestivos de neurocisticercose e 80 amostras-controle, de pacientes com quadros clínico-neurológicos diversos, sendo afastada a possibilidade de possuírem neurocisticercose. Em 205 dessas amostras, foram aplicadas duas metodologias imunoenzimáticas. A primeira utilizando "contas" de poliestireno como suporte (ELISA-"conta") e a Segunda utilizando o antígeno adsorvido em microplaca (ELISA). Observou-se correlaçäo de 94,6 porcento entre os dois testes. Os autores salientam que as vantagens do ELISA-"conta" como o menor custo do suporte, e a possibilidade de dispensar o uso de um aparelho leitor de microplacas, geralmente de alto custo, tornam este método atraente para laboratórios de pequeno porte


Subject(s)
Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Cerebrospinal Fluid/enzymology , Cerebrospinal Fluid/immunology , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Taenia/pathogenicity
3.
Bol. chil. parasitol ; 54(3/4): 57-62, jul.-dic. 1999. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-267624

ABSTRACT

Due to the importance of cysticercosis in Mexico and Latin America and to the fact that in the last years another mechanism of infection for this disease has been proposed, i.e. through postoncospheres and immunosuppression of the host, we have considered relevant to perform the present work, which consisted in assessing the immune response induced by dexamethasone as well as that produced by parasites in pigs infected with T. solium eggs, or postoncosphere-infected, and in postoncosphere-infected and dexamethasone treated animals. We used 10 recently weaned pigs, three were used as controls, two of them without the drug and one with it; two were infected with T. solium eggs; five with postoncospheres receiving also dexamethasone three of them. We evaluated the humoral response against parasite antigen using indirect haemagglutination (IH) and ELISA methods. Results of the immune humoral response revealed titres of up to 1:128 in T. solium eggs infected animals, of 1:16 in postoncosphere infected animals. Absorbance titres with of 1:32 towards the end of the experiment in postoncosphere plus dexamethasone animals. Absorbance titres with Elisa confirmed these findings. Data obtained by IH show that the antibody titres of the pigs challenged with postoncospheres and postoncospheres plus dexamethasone are positive as compared to the titres obtained in the pigs infected with T. solium eggs. Results from the Elisa confirmed this finding, since, from weeks 14 to 17, the pigs became positive, behaving as those pigs that developed cysticercosis. This is revelant as it indicates that the antiposcosphere antibodies recognized antigens of T. solium larvae


Subject(s)
Animals , Cysticercosis/immunology , Antibody Formation/immunology , Taenia/pathogenicity , Dexamethasone/immunology , Immunocompromised Host/immunology , Swine/parasitology
5.
Santafé de Bogotá; s.n; 1999. 66 p. ilus.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-278193

ABSTRACT

La cisticercosis humana es una parasitosis causada por T. solium la cual posee una alta prevalencia en aíses en desarrollo constituyéndose en un problema de salud pública, y en donde la neurocisticosis (NCC) es su forma más grave ya que compromete el sistema nervioso central (SNC). Debido a que las técnicas desarrolladas para el inmunodiagnóstico de NCC presentan problemas de sensibilidad y especificidad, en éste estudio se desarrollo un método analítico sensible para la identificación de antígenos específicos de cisticerco de T. solium reconocidos por líquidos cefalorraquídeos (LCRs) de pacientes con (NCC). La identificación de un número definido de antígenos de T. solium potenciales para el inmunodiagnóstico permitiría posteriormente la purificación de proteínas para el desarrollo de técnicas inmunodiagnósticas. Los antígenos presentes en LIV de cisticerco, fueron modificados químicamente empleando Biotina-NHS (Biotin-Amido-Caproato-N-hidroxisuccinimida éster) seguido por una inmunoprecipitación utiliando LCR. Los complejos antígeno-anticuerpo fueron capturados empleando agarosa anti IgG humana y posteriormente, las proteínas resueltas por electroforesis, seguida de transferencia a papel de nitrocelulosa. Los antígenos biotinilados, fueron reconocidos utilizando estreptavidina conjugada a fosfatasa alcalina y la reacción se visualizó empleando el sustrato NBT (nitro blue tetrazolium) y BCIP (4-cloro-5-bromo-4cloro-3-indolyl phospahate) (Sigma). Se identificaron 5 polipeptidos principales de 100 kDa, 70 kDa, 50 kDa, 35 kDa y 24 kDa por el ensayo de inmunoprecipitación. Los polipéptidos de 100 kDa, 50 kDa y 24 kDa dueron reconocidos por LCRs de pacientes clínica y serológicamente positivos por ELISA para NCC (94 por ciento, 94 por ciento y 78 por ciento respectivamente), además éstos antígenos fueron reconocidos por LCRs de pacientes con otras neuropatologías de SNC (94 por ciento, 76 por ciento y 47 por ciento respectivamente) e igualmente por LCRs de pacientes sospechosos clínicamente pero serológicamente negativos por ELISA para NCC (21 por ciento, 24 por ciento, y 13 por ciento respectivamente). Los antígenos de 70 kDa fueron reconocidos por el 86 por ciento y 90 por ciento respectivamente, de los LCRs de pacientes clínica y serológicamente positivos por ELISA para NCC. Estos antígenos no fueron reconocidos por LCRs de pacientes con otras neuropatologías del SNC. Sin embargo,...


Subject(s)
Cysticercus/immunology , Academic Dissertations as Topic , Neurocysticercosis/cerebrospinal fluid , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Neurocysticercosis/immunology , Taenia/immunology , Taenia/pathogenicity , Antigen-Antibody Complex/isolation & purification
6.
Parasitol. día ; 21(1/2): 7-13, ene.-jun. 1997. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-202482

ABSTRACT

A 30 casos presuntivamente portadores de hidatidosis, diagnosticados en 165 localidades rurales de Cauquenes y Linares, VII Región, Chile por seropositividad a las reacciones de Dot-ELISA, ELISA y RHAI, y a 53 controles seronegativos elegidos de las mismas localidades por edad y sexo, se les aplicó estudio comparativo de variables demográficas y socioculturales para conocer el perfil con que estas características diferenciaban a ambos grupos. Se estudió: parentesco, escolaridad, función ejercida en el núcleo familiar; recepción de información por radio o TV; hábitos de ingesta de verduras crudas, calidad de agua de bebida; posesión de perros, actividad de éstos y resultados del diagnóstico para equinococosis; prácticas de matanza de animales para el autoconsumo, conducta con las vísceras infectadas y conocimientos relacionados con mecanismos de infección del perro, del hombre y sobre las medidas de prevención de hidatidosis.Las diferencias más resaltantes, por su clara significación estadística, fueron el analfabetismo (13,3 por ciento en el grupo de casos y 1,9 por ciento en el de controles), escolaridad básica (56,7 por ciento y 81,1 por ciento respectivamente) y la posesión de perros infectados con E. granulosus (46,7 por ciento versus 20,8 por ciento). A la inversa, la práctica de alimentar perros con vísceras infectadas con quistes hidatídicos resultó mayor en el grupo de controles (85,1 por ciento) que en el de los casos (59,2 por ciento). En el resto de las variables estudiadas no se encontró asociación estadística que discriminara entre ambos grupos


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Dogs , Echinococcosis , Epidemiologic Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Age Distribution , Case-Control Studies , Chile , Dogs/parasitology , Educational Status , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Sex Distribution , Taenia/pathogenicity
8.
Pediatría (Santiago de Chile) ; 39(3/4): 110-4, jul.-dic. 1996.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-202520

ABSTRACT

La neurocisticercosis es la parasitosis del sistema nervioso central (SNC) producida por la forma larval de la taenia solium. En 1950 Parnolus encontró un cisticerco en el cuerpo calloso, pero sólo en 1985 Kuchen Meister asoció afección con la taenia solium. La forma muscular fue descubierta por primera vez por Priets en 1926 y subsecuentemente también la comunicaron M Gill, Jacob y Mathews. En Estados Unidos la neurocisticercosis se describió por primera vez en 1927 por Walter Dandy


Subject(s)
Humans , Central Nervous System Diseases/parasitology , Cysticercosis/diagnosis , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Cysticercosis/classification , Cysticercosis/drug therapy , Cysticercosis/physiopathology , Dexamethasone/therapeutic use , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Taenia/drug effects , Taenia/pathogenicity
9.
Bol. chil. parasitol ; 50(3/4): 51-7, oct.-dic. 1995. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-173147

ABSTRACT

It was determined the presence of posoncospheres in muscular tissues in 20 natural cysticercotic pigs and in 20 pigs apparently free of taenia solium metacestodes. Ten differents anatomical regions were dissected, giving 400 samples in total. The animals were slaugthered in Ecatepec, México State, México. The samples were kept in bottles with saline and were processed in the Laboratorio de Biología de Parásitos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM); cysticercus were counted and later on the resulting muscular mass was grinded and observations were made in the sediment for posoncospheres search. Mann-Withney statistical method revealed meaningful differences between postoncospheres in cysticercotic pigs and not apparently cysticercotic pigs. The linear correlation analysis showed no relation between cysticercus quantity and postoncospheres quantity in the same samples. Postoncospheres were found in cysticercotic animals and in those apparently free of cysticercus, in the last group the quantity was bigger


Subject(s)
Animals , Cysticercosis/parasitology , Muscles/parasitology , Swine/parasitology , Taenia/isolation & purification , Cysticercosis/transmission , Meat/parasitology , Mexico/epidemiology , Parasite Egg Count/statistics & numerical data , Sampling Studies , Isotonic Solutions , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Taenia/pathogenicity
10.
Bol. chil. parasitol ; 50(3/4): 80-3, oct.-dic. 1995. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-173152

ABSTRACT

During 1985-1994 period, 70,642 parasitological stool examinations were perfomed. The exam was made to each patient which presenting gastrointestinal symptoms or nutritional problems, specially in children. 59,960 out of the 70,642 examinations corresponded to 1 month -15 years old chidren, 4,280 to 16-30 years old individuals and 6,402 to up to 30 years old adults. The infection rates (x 100,000) were: taenia sp, 86; hymenolepis nana, 1,165; diphyllobotrium sp, 4 and hymenolepis diminuta, 1. In this period, 11 cases of infection by taenia saginata were detected, and none taenia solium infection. Although infections rates by intestinal cestodes were higher in males than females, in the taenia sp. infection the difference was not statistical significative. Médico-veterinary control of animals slaughtered in abbatoirs and the improvement of sanitary conditions in the last two decades have contributed to the control of most of human intestinal cestodiases


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Child, Preschool , Diphyllobothriasis/epidemiology , Hymenolepiasis/epidemiology , Prevalence , Taeniasis/epidemiology , Age Distribution , Chile/epidemiology , Physicians' Offices/statistics & numerical data , Diphyllobothrium/isolation & purification , Diphyllobothrium/pathogenicity , Feces/parasitology , Hospitals, Public/statistics & numerical data , Hymenolepis/isolation & purification , Hymenolepis/pathogenicity , Parasite Egg Count , Sex Distribution , Taenia/isolation & purification , Taenia/pathogenicity
11.
Arch. med. res ; 25(3): 325-30, 1994. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-198814

ABSTRACT

The internalization of host macromolecules to the vesicular fluid of T. crassiceps cysticerci was studied in vitro. Uptake of purified class G immunoglobulin was not significantly affected by the specificity of its antigen-recognition site and bovine serum albumin was internalized at a similar rate. Internalization was inhibited at low temperature, being optimal at 37ºC and saturation was accomplished only at a protein concentration in the culture medium over 12 mg/ml which is close to the physiological concentration of serum proteins in the host. Morphological studies using markers for adsorptive endocytosis allowed visualization of endocytic vesicles and tracking of their movement across the bladder wall tissue. Degradation of internalized proteins was observed at longer time of incubation, suggesting that proteins are later processed and that degraded host macromolecules can be nutrints for cysticerci. Quantification of this capability of internalization suggests that it might play a role in the in vivo removal of petentially damaging host macromelocules, such as antibodies or complement factors, from the host-prasite interface


Subject(s)
Mice , Animals , Female , Cestode Infections/parasitology , Protein Conformation , Cysticercosis/parasitology , Receptors, IgG/analysis , Host-Parasite Interactions/physiology , Taenia/pathogenicity
12.
Vet. Méx ; 24(4): 297-301, oct.-dic. 1993. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-139051

ABSTRACT

Con el propósito de interrumpir el ciclo de la Taenia solium, se estudió el efecto de la irradiacción gamma sobre el metacestodo. Se irradiaron larvas con dosis de 0.5 t 0.7 KGy y de 4 a 11 KGy. Todas las larvas irradiadas con dosis a partir de 6.5 KGy murieron; la muerte fue confirmada por la ausencia de evaginación. Cuando se alimentaron hámsters dorados (Mesocricetus auratus) inmunosuprimidos con larvas irradiadas con 7.0 KGy no se desarrollaron tenias en su intestino a los 10 y 30 días posinoculación. Las dosis de 0.5 y 0.7 KGy no afectaron la capacidad de evaginación de la larva, pero evitaron la infección en el hámster. A cada uno de 10 hámsters se les inocularon 5 larvas irradiadas con 0.5 KGy; se recuperó 1 tenia corta a los 10 días y ninguna a los 30. A cada uno de 20 hámsters se les administraron por vía oral 5 larvas irradiadas con 0.7 KGy; se recuperaron tenias poco desarrolladas a los 10 días y ninguna a los 30 días. Se notaron diferencias individuales en la susceptibilidad de los hámster a la infección y también diferencias de la capacidad de infectar de los metacestodos procedentes de diferentes cerdos. Se discuten los resultados y se concluye que, con base en la inoculación en hámster de larvas irradiadas, una dosis de 0.7 KGy suprime la infectividad de las mismas


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Cricetinae , Swine/anatomy & histology , Swine/parasitology , Taenia/radiation effects , Taenia/pathogenicity , Gamma Rays/therapeutic use , Taenia , Taeniasis/parasitology , Taeniasis/epidemiology
14.
Rev. méd. peru ; 63(345): 43-4, dic. 1991.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-123193

ABSTRACT

La neurocisticercosis es la enfermedad parasitaria que afecta más comunmente al sistema nervioso central. Es endémica en países subdesarrollados y representa un serio problema de salud pública. Las manifestaciones clínicas son diversas, por lo que el diagnóstico se hace en base a los datos de la historia clínica, tomografía axial computarizada y estudio del líquido cefalorraquídeo. El tratamiento es también diverso, sin embargo dos drogas: el praziquantel y el albendazol han demostrado ser efectivas para el tratamiento de la neurocisticercosis. En este artículo se resume la opinión y experiencia de diversos investigadores en NCC


Subject(s)
Humans , Cysticercosis/diagnosis , Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Peru , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Taenia/pathogenicity , Pseudotumor Cerebri/etiology , Cysticercosis/therapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
16.
Medical Principles and Practice. 1990; 2 (1): 10-17
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-17496

ABSTRACT

Individuals who were suspected of suffering from intestinal parasitic infections during the calender year of 1986 were examined macroscopically and microscopically for the identification of parasites at the 6 general hospitals in Kuwait city and its suburbs. A total of 1,437 females and 2,335 males were positive for parasites, and 2,228 individuals were reported being negative. The prevalence of potentially pathogenic parasites was 67% of the total, while the commensals reached 33%. Of the first group Giardia lamblia and Trichuris trichiura were the commonest followed by Strongyloides stercoralis and Hymenolepis nana. Among the commensals Entamoeba coli was encountered frequently, followed by Trichomonas hominis and Endolimax nana. The highest rate of infection was found among Kuwaiti nationals followed by the Bangladeshis, Sri Lankans, Indians and Egyptians. The high prevalence rate among Kuwaitis indicates that there is a high transmission rate of parasitic infections possibly due to importation of disease with imported labour for domestic help and poor hygiene from both parties. Therefore, it is recommended that domestic helpers, arriving from endemic areas, be routinely checked. Effective chemotherapy and proper education should be implemented


Subject(s)
Schistosoma/pathogenicity , Taenia/pathogenicity , Hookworm Infections/complications , Trichuris/pathogenicity , Prevalence
17.
PAFMJ-Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal. 1990; 43 (2): 17-8
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-18066

ABSTRACT

Taeniasis usually asymptomatic or a mild intestinal-infestation can rarely lead to intestinal perforation and peritonitis


Subject(s)
Taenia/pathogenicity
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